[ comparison of 6-week resistance training and pulsed electromagnetic field on TALP, CA, P, cortisol, and anthropometric parameters in osteoporotic postmenopausal women]

Considering the high sensitivity of bone to mechanical stimulations, one of the potential ways of impressing bone tissue in clinical perspective, is applying physical and mechanical loads. In this study, we compared the effect of progressive resistive exercise versus pulsed electromagnetic fields on total ALP, calcium, phosphorus and cortisol, and anthropometric variables in primary postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Thirty estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women were assigned randomly to pulsed electromagnetic field therapy [PEMF], resistance training [RT], and control groups. Treatment in the PEMF group consisted of 45 min induction of rectangular wave with frequency of 30 Hz and intensity of 40 Gauss; the RT group consisted of performing trunk, upper and lower body resistance exercises that progressed during 6 weeks from 50% to 85% 1RM, for approximately 45 min, 3 days/week. Throughout this duration of six weeks, the control group was requested not to change their physical activity routines and dietary intakes. Blood total ALP, Ca2+, P, and cortisol was measured before and after 6 weeks. After 6 weeks of PEMF or RT, total ALP increased significantly in the control group. Fat mass was significantly decreased in RT group after 6 weeks and increased significantly in controls. In all groups serum Ca, P, and cortisol showed no significant changes after 6 weeks. Regarding the increase of total ALP in the RT and PEMF groups, it seems that PEMF can be used instead of RT for improving bone metabolism in high risk, severely osteoporotic patients

[ effect of 6-week submaximal training with and without external loading on cardiovascular fitness, balance, cortisol, and lipid profiles in osteoporotic postmenopausal women]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare submaximal aerobic exercise with and without external loading on physical fitness, balance and blood lipids in osteoporotic postmenopausal women

Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven volunteer osteoporotic postmenopausal women were randomly divided into three groups: aerobic [n=8], weighted vest [n=9], and control [n=10]. Training consisted of 18 sessions of submaximal aerobic walking on the treadmill 30 min daily for 3 times a week. [3 min warm-up, 24 min training with 50-60% Heart rate reserve [HRR], and 3 min cool down]. In the weighted vest group, subjects wore a weighted vest [4-8% of body weight]. Body composition, balance and, cardiovascular fitness parameters were measured before and after training and blood lipids and cortisol hormone levels were also assessed

Results: Fat decreased and lean mass increased significantly in the weighted vest group [P=0.027 and P=0.005 respectively]. HRrest and BPrest significantly decreased in the weighted vest and aerobic groups, respectively. After training, balance criteria increased significantly in the weighted vest and aerobic groups, but decreased in the control group. Cortisol levels showed a significant decrease in training groups. Lipid level changes were not significant

Conclusion: Results of this study showed the weighted vest training is better to improve physical fitness and balance in osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Cortisol depression after submaximal aerobic exercise may be effective in maintenance of bone mass in postmenoposal women

Seroepidemiology of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever in slaughterhouse workers in north eastern Iran

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever [CCHF] is an acute febrile haemorrhagic disease. This study was conducted to ascertain the infection status amongst slaughterhouse workers in Iran's north-eastern provinces [Razavi and northern and southern Khorasan], so that analysis of the results could help clarification of the epidemiology of this disease in the aforementioned provinces and eastern regions of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, conducted in 2004 and 2005, 108 slaughterhouse workers from 24 cities of the three previously mentioned provinces were randomly entered into the study. An IgG specific ELISA test was carried out on the participants' serum samples. Sixteen out of 108 [14.8%] participants under study were shown to have IgG against CCHF. The highest rate of infection was seen in Razavi Khorasan and southern Khorasan at 17.5% and 16.7%, respectively. The study showed a relatively high frequency of this disease amongst slaughterhouse workers in these provinces. Taking into account the small number of reported cases from these provinces, it would seem that more focus is required on primary diagnosis and on referral of suspected patients

[EDTA dentin conditioning and Micro-shear bond strength using SE and SEM]

The main objective of using adhesive material is the improvement of restorative materials bonding to dentin surface in clean environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EDTA on bond strength of composite resin to dentin surface when used at different times and concentrations prior to application of adhesive systems by employing Scanning Electronic Microscope [SEM]. A total of 100 dentin samples were prepared from 50 human premolars. These samples were divided into two groups according to bonding type [Clearfil SE Bond =group I, Futurbond NR=group II] and each one was classified 5 subgroups according to time and concentration of EDTA as follows: 1 - Control. 2- EDTA 15%, 30 seconds. 3 - EDTA 15%, 60 seconds. 4 - EDTA 24%, 30 seconds. 5 - EDTA 24%, 60 seconds. These samples were conditioned and composite cylinders were adhered to them. After 500 cycles of thermocycling, the testing for micro-shear bond strength was conducted on these samples. Another 10 samples were demineralized for 30 seconds with 6NHCL and deproteinized with 2.5% Naocl for 10 minutes, air dried with desiccators and viewed under SEM. Data were analyzed using one-way as well as three-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. The mean Micro-shear bond strength in group I [Clearfil SE bond] were: 31.88 [ +/- 13] for subgroup 1, 28.4 [ +/- 13] in subgroup 2, 29.8 [ +/- 9] in subgroup 3, 29.2 [ +/- 11] in subgroup 4, and 32.7 [ +/- 12] in subgroup 5. The mean Micro-shear bond strength in group 2 [Futurbond NR]: were: 22.6 [ +/- 10] for subgroup 1, 28.5 [ +/- 9] in subgroup 2, 27.3 [ +/- 10] subgroup 3, 32.4 [ +/- 15] in subgroup 4, and 31.1 [ +/- 14] in subgroup 5. There were no significant differences between the samples conditioned and the ones not conditioned with EDTA, time and the concentration of EDTA applied and also the two bonding types. EDTA conditioning prior to use of the two bonding agents under investigation in this study did not improve the bonding strength of the self etch systems, neither did the time and the concentration of EDTA applied

[Frequency of osteoporosis and osteopenia in Post-Menopausal Military family's women]

Osteoporosis is a major and growing public health problem in bone sexes but particularly in Post-Menopausal women.The aim of this study is evaluation of T Score and BMD mean in vertebra and femoral neck for estimation of Frequency of osteopenia and osteoprosis in post-menopausal women of military families, which had not other secondary osteoporosis risk factors. In a cross sectional study we studied 200 post menopausal women that were not menopause more than 5 years and had not secondary cause of osteoporosis. Lumbar vertebra and femoral neck bone density measured by DEXA [Norland ZR-63, for Atkinson, WI, USA] system. Mean age of patients was 57.2 +/- 4/2 and T Score mean in lumbar spines and femoral neck was-1.09 +/- 1.11 and -1.69 +/- 1.05 respectively. Frequency of osteoporosis was 25.5% and 7% and osteopenia was seen in 51% and 47.5% respectively. Over all, osteoporosis Frequency was 26% and osteopenia Frequency was 52.5% respectively. This study showed post menopausal osteoporosis is most common in military families same another research and according to high prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis that induces mortality and morbidity and high treatment cost and long term health cares, the human community needs to comprehensive studies about prevention, causes, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

Helicobacter pylori infection and hyperemesis gravidarum

Hyperemesis gravidarum is one of the pregnancy complications which leads to decreased efficiency of pregnant women. To examine a hypothesis indicative of the presence of an association between hyperemesis gravidarum [HG] and Helicobacter pylori [HP] infection. This work was a case control study carried out on 35 pregnant women with HG [study group] and 35 asymptomatic pregnant women [control group] admitted to Kosar hospital, Qazvin, Iran in a six-month period between 2003-2004. Serum specific IgG for HP was assayed on the sera of both study a control groups after formal agreement was made. Data were analysed statistically using Chi-square and student t tests. Serologically positive HP infection was detected in 23 out of 35 patients with HG [%65.7] whereas in control group, only 7 out of 35 asymptomatic gravidas [%20] were found to have positive antibody titers against HP, The ratio of HP positivity in pregnant women with HG was significantly higher than asymtomatic group [P<0.004]. The mean index percentages of IgG titers in study and control groups were 27 +/- 30 and 10 +/- 13, respectively. HP infection seemed to be significantly associated with HG in pregnant population with hyperemesis gravidarum investigated in our study